日期: 1177年11月25日
地点: 蒙吉萨
結果: 十字军胜利
起因:
領土變更:
參戰方
耶路撒冷王国vs 阿尤布王朝
指揮官
鲍德温四世
沙蒂永的雷纳德
圣殿骑士团 vs萨拉丁
兵力
500骑士
80圣殿骑士vs
数千名步兵 约30,000
傷亡
未知
约20,000
蒙吉萨尔战役(Battle of Montgisard) 萨拉丁和耶路撒冷国王鲍德温四世在1177年11月25日发生的战争.
王国原计划在1177年和拜占庭帝国的海军联盟攻击埃及,Philip of Alsace, count of Flanders, arrived early in the year hoping to organize this attack, but the plans were abandonded.
Meanwhile, Saladin planned his own invasion of the kingdom from Egypt. Learning of Saladin's plans, Baldwin IV left Jerusalem with 500 knights to attempt a defense at Ascalon, but Baldwin was blockaded there by Saladin, who had 26,000 men. Accompanying Baldwin was Raynald of Chatillon, lord of Oultrejordain, who had just been released from captivity in Aleppo in 1176. Raynald was a fierce enemy of Saladin. 圣殿骑士 attempted to meet Baldwin at Ascalon, but they were also besieged at Gaza.
Saladin executed his Christian prisoners and continued his march towards Jerusalem, thinking that Baldwin would not dare to follow him with so few men. He captured Ramla and besieged Lydda and Arsuf, but because Baldwin was supposedly not a danger, he allowed his army to be spread out over a large area, pillaging and foraging. However, Baldwin and the Templars both escaped their blockades, and marched out along the coast, hoping to meet Saladin before he reached Jerusalem.
The combined force of Baldwin and the Templars amounted to Baldwin’s 500 knights, 80 Templars, and a few thousand infantry. They met Saladin at Montgisard near Ramla, surprising him completely, as his army was not prepared for a pitched battle. Saladin’s personal bodyguard of Mamluks was destroyed and the rest of his troops were defeated as well. Saladin fled back to Egypt, harassed by Bedouins along the way. Only one tenth of his army made it back to Egypt with him.
Baldwin followed him into the Sinai peninsula, but was unable to gain an advantage and Saladin renewed his attacks in 1179. There was however an intervening year of peace, something the Crusader kingdom had not had in many years, and the victory soon became a heroic legend.